我是Sergio Vaño-Galván医生。我是来自西班牙马德里的皮肤科医生，目前我担任欧洲毛发研究学会秘书一职，同时，我也是马德里世界毛发研究大会的主席，举办时间为 2028 年。
在巴黎举办的欧洲皮肤病与性病学大会上，我有幸主持了一场关于毛发疾病的分会场。那是一场非常有意义的分会场，众多优秀的演讲者围绕各类脱发展开了分享。我当时就毛发扁平苔藓这一疾病进行了演讲，毛发扁平苔藓是常见的瘢痕性脱发类型之一。我们可以将毛发扁平苔藓视为额叶纤维性脱发的一种变异型，而额叶纤维性脱发是最常见的瘢痕性脱发，在西班牙及许多国家都是如此。至于毛发扁平苔藓本身，我们甚至能分辨出它的一种被称为模式化分布性纤维化性脱发的类型，这种变异型与毛发扁平苔藓并非完全相同，但却很容易被误诊为毛发扁平苔藓。
总结一下我演讲中的核心内容，对于额叶纤维性脱发，我们的治疗方案通常是使用 5α- 还原酶抑制剂，其中以口服度他雄胺为主。同时我们会使用抗炎治疗，主要是局部用药如钙调磷酸酶抑制剂。目前开具局部 JAK 抑制剂处方也非常流行，已有研究表明其能有效减轻炎症反应。此外，我们还会建议患者口服米诺地尔，目的是改善未受损的毛发密度。我还特别强调，我们不应忽视美容建议的重要性，因为例如眉毛微着色技术，或是使用口服异维甲酸等方法，在患者出现面部丘疹时，都能显著改善患者的生活质量。我们还讨论了，对于部分符合条件的患者也可以实施毛发移植手术。
至于毛发扁平苔藓，其主要治疗方式为局部用药以及皮损内注射类固醇。对于病情严重的患者，我们可使用口服环孢素甚至口服抗疟药进行治疗。当然，我们同样可以为患者开具口服米诺地尔，以及采用角蛋白微纤维等其他美容手段。
最后我想总结的是，当前毛发疾病领域正处于一个快速发展的黄金时代，新的治疗药物不断涌现，例如用于治疗斑秃的 JAK 抑制剂，过去几年间也涌现出了一些已获认可的新疗法，比如用于治疗雄激素性脱发的口服米诺地尔以及睾酮美塑疗法。因此我认为毛发研究领域充满活力，我们能够为患者提供多样化的治疗选择。我想向所有中国皮肤科医生发出一份特别邀请，我们对此抱有高度敬意，诚挚欢迎各位参加我们将要举办的世界毛发研究大会，大会举办地为马德里，时间为 2028 年 5 月，衷心邀请各位届时莅临！
I'm Dr. Sergio Vaño-Galván. I'm a dermatologist from Madrid, Spain, and I'm the current Secretary of the European Hair Research Society, and I'm the President of the World Congress for Hair Research in Madrid, that will be held in 2028.
During this EADV Congress in Paris, I was delighted to chair a session about hair disorders. It was an interesting session in which very good speakers talked about different types of alopecia. I gave a speech about lichen planopilaris, this is the most frequent cicatricial alopecia. We can interpret lichen planopilaris like the variant frontal fibrosing alopecia, which is the most frequent cicatricial alopecia in Spain and in many countries. And lichen planopilaris itself, we can even distinguish a variant called fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution. They are not exactly the same as lichen planopilaris, but it can be misdiagnosed as lichen planopilaris.
Summarizing the most important points of the lecture in frontal fibrosing alopecia, we can say that we start treatment with 5α reductase inhibitors, mainly oral dutasteride. We use anti-inflammatory treatments, mainly topical, calcineurin inhibitors. And it's very trendy now to start prescribing topical JAK inhibitors, which have been shown to reduce inflammation. And we also recommend that patients take oral minoxidil, just to improve hair density of non-damaged hair. I highlighted that we should not forget about cosmetic advice, because for example, eyebrow micropigmentation or other measures like oral isotretinoin if a patient has facial papules, can really improve patients' quality of life. And we discussed that hair transplantation can also be performed in selected patients.
Regarding lichen planopilaris, the main treatment involves the use of topical and intralesional steroids. And for severe cases, we can use oral cyclosporine or even oral antimalarials. And of course, we can also prescribe oral minoxidil, and use other cosmetic measures like keratin microfibers.
I want to sum up by saying that in the field of hair disorders, we are in a great era now, with the use of new drugs such as JAK inhibitors for alopecia areata, and new treatments that have been established in last years, like oral minoxidil for androgenetic alopecia, or mesotherapy with testosterone. So I think that the hair research is really active, and we can offer different therapies for our patients. I want to extend a very special invitation to all Chinese dermatologists whom we admire a lot, and you will be really welcome to our World Congress of Hair Research, which we will host in Madrid in May 2028. So you all are invited to our Congress.
